13^th Global Diabetes Conference & Medicare Expo August 08-10, 2016 Birmingham, UK

\r\nShe presents the research of group of V.V. Zakusov Institute of Pharmacology, Moscow, Russia. This group is working with the problem of diabetes accompanying by behavioral disorders and their correction with original peptide mimetics of NGF and BDNF designed in this institute\r\n

Original dimeric dipeptide mimetic GK-2 (hexamethylenediamide bis-(N-monosuccinyl-glutamyl-lysine) was synthesized based on the structure of β-turn of NGF loop 4 at the V.V. Zakusov Institute of Pharmacology (Seredenin S., Gudasheva T., RF patent 2410392). The purpose of this study was to investigate whether it affects the effects of diabetogenic toxin, streptozotocine (STZ). Experiments were carried out on C57/Bl6 mice divided into 4 groups: passive control treated with saline; active control treated with STZ 100 mg/kg; animals treated with GK-2 0.5 mg/kg i.p. for 14 days before and 14 days after STZ; animals treated with 5 mg/kg of GK-2 p.o. at the same schedule. Persentage of animals able to find the invisible platform in Morris water maze and the immobility duration in Porsolt test have been estimated. The content of MDA as a sign of oxidative stress was measured in plasma. GK-2 was shown to be able to overcome hyperglycemia, body weight loss, to diminish MDA accumulation caused by STZ. While STZ diminished the % of mice able to find the platform to 9 % comparing to 14% in passive control, GK-2 treated mice demonstrated the figures as high as 27.3 and 50% for i.p and p.o routes of administration correspondingly. GK-2 ameliorated also the signs of depression. Therefore, GK-2 was shown to antagonize main effects of STZ; these effects lasted after discontinuation of treatment.

Ostrovskaya Rita U. – Professor. D Sc., M.D., Main Researcher of Psychopharmacology Department of Zakusov State Institute of Pharmacology. Author of more than 250 publications, 20 patents. Hirsh index according Scopus 15, Research Gate index 37.34

Noopept (N-phenylacetyl-L-prolylglycine ethyl ester) revealed wide spectrum of neuroprotective effects (Seredenin et al, Patent USA 5.439.930; Gudasheva et al., Eur. J. Med. Chem. 1996, 31, 151 - 157). One of mechanism underlying this neuroprotection is the increase of NGF and BDNF expression in hippocampus and hypothalamus. Features of neurons and pancreatic beta-cells similarity (Scharfmann. Horm. Metab. Res. 1997, 29, 294—296) as well as data on neurotrophines insufficiency in diabetes (Krabbe et al., Diabetologia. 2007, 50, 431-438) prompted us to study the effects of Noopept 0.5 mg/kg i.p. for 14 days, before streptocotozine 40 mg/kg i.p. on rats. Besides of well-known STZ ability to produce hyperglycemia and weight loss, we revealed pronounced decrease of NGF and BDNF content in pancreatic and hepatic tissues. Noopept was firstly shown to ameliorate hyperglycemia, weight loss as well as to overcome NGF and BDNF deficits in these organs. Recent study of Vahitova et al. (Acta Naturae 2016, 8, 1, 90-98) revealed Noopept ability to increase the content of HIF-1. Involvement of HIF-1 deficiency in pathogenesis of diabetes combined with HIF ability to increase neurotrophines expression (Girgis et al. Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism, 2012, 23, 372-380) allow to consider HIF-positve effects of Noopept as one of the mechanism underlying above-listed anti-diabetic effect of Noopept.rnrn

Shuxing Wang completed his PhD from Zhongshan University and postdoctoral studies from Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital. He has published more than 45 papers in reputed journals.

Epidemiological studies and meta-analyses report a strong relationship between chronic pain and abnormalities in glucose metabolism, but the exact relationship between chronic pain and insulin resistance in type-2-diabetes (T2D) remains unclear. Using a model of neuropathic thermal and tactile hypersensitivity induced by chronic constriction sciatic nerve injury (CCI) in Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) and Zucker lean (ZL) littermates, we compared the recovery period of hypersensitivity and the progression of T2D and studied the possible involvement of insulin receptors (IR) in the comorbidity of these two conditions. We found that besides a lower nociceptive thresholds to thermal and mechanical stimulation in naïve ZDF than in ZL littermates at 6 weeks of age, it took a longer time for CCI-induced nociceptive sensitivity to restore in ZDF rats. Meanwhile, nerve injury accelerated the progression of T2D in ZDF rats, demonstrated by an earlier onset of hyperglycemia, more severe hyperinsulinemia, and a higher concentration of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbAlc) 6 weeks after CCI. IR-immunoreactive cells were located across the central nervous system (CNS) and skeletal muscles. There was a low level of IR expression in skeletal muscles of naïve ZDF rats. In contrast, CCI reduced the IR expression in skeletal muscles as well as the ipsilateral spinal cord, primarily in the dorsal horn. In conclusion, our data suggest that the relationship between insulin resistance and chronic pain in ZDF rats is bidirectional and an impaired IR signaling system may be implicated in this reciprocal relationship. \r\n\r\n

Dr. Andreas Mitsios is a GMC registered physician that has graduated with an upper second class honours MBBS degree from the Medical School of University of Thessaly in Greece. Currently, he serves as a community doctor in the medical center of Farkadona in Central Greece and he intends to specialise in Ophthalmology in the United Kingdom. He is particularly interested in medical retinal disorders like diabetic retinopathy and age related macular degeneration and he is currently leading a diabetic retinopathy screening programme and other associated preventive actions aiming to increase patient awareness and education in relevant conditions. (Up to 100 words)

Establishing an annual diabetic retinopathy screening programme in a local rural community of Central Greece to improve compliance with diabetic retinopathy screening guidelines: Diabetic retinopathy is a major complication of poorly controlled glucose and constitutes the most common cause of vision loss among people with diabetes and a significant cause of blindness worldwide. Moreover, it represents a diagnostic challenge for the clinician in terms of appropriate classification and early detection, factors that can potentially impact on available treatment options. The goal of our scientific team was to establish an annual screening programme for diabetic patients of medically underserved areas to increase access to relevant services and educate patients about the adverse ophthalmological complications of their disease. During the time period between January and June 2016 we have examined 252 patients with diabetes mellitus. We have used a standardized form to obtain medical history in addition to a questionnaire specific to quality aspects of screening for diabetes mellitus complications. The fundoscopy was performed with the use of a slit lamp together with a Volk Digital Wide Field lens. The outcomes of our project include provision of care to patients without prior clinical evaluation or information in relevance to diabetic retinopathy in addition to timely referral of appropriate cases for further diagnostic evaluation and specialised treatment. The chronic nature of the disease and the special needs of certain populations with limited access to healthcare services mandate appropriate action to increase awareness and promote equal opportunities to effective diabetes mellitus monitoring and prevention.

Dr. Andreas Mitsios is a GMC registered physician that has graduated with an upper second class honours MBBS degree from the Medical School of University of Thessaly in Greece. Currently, he serves as a community doctor in the medical center of Farkadona in Central Greece and he intends to specialise in Ophthalmology in the United Kingdom. He is particularly interested in programmes of health promotion and disease prevention and he is currently leading a diabetic retinopathy screening programme and other associated preventive actions aiming to increase patient awareness and education in relevant conditions.

Peripheral vascular disease screening initiative by using Ankle Brachial Index (ABI) in diabetic patients of a rural area in Central Greece : Peripheral vascular disease constitutes a well described complication of diabetes mellitus that severely affects quality of life of those affected. During the disease process blood flow of lower extremities decreases and patients experience limitation of their daily activities and associated pain with walking. In many cases though, clinical signs are not evident or being neglected and only acknowledged when another major vascular complication from the heart or brain is diagnosed. The purpose of this project was to start a local campaign in an effort to educate and screen diabetic patients of medically underserved areas for this disorder in parallel with promotion of exercise and other healthy practices. During the time period between March and May 2016 we have examined 125 patients with diabetes mellitus. We have used a standardized form to obtain medical history and screen for additional vascular risk factors like hypertension, smoking and weight. For the measurement of ABI a vascular doppler together with an appropriately sized blood pressure cuff attached to a sphygmomanometer was used. Verified educational resources served as training material to increase competence in the technique for every member of the scientific team. The results of this task have made possible to diagnose peripheral vascular disease in patients compliant with their current treatment, even in the abscence of any clinical signs, that further supported targeted referral to appropriate specialists with additional preventive benefits.

Dr. Monika Shekhawat has completed her MBBS from Rajasthan University\r\nof Health Sciences, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India. I am presently doing MD\r\nBiochemistry, Final year, from Govt. Medical College, Kota, Rajasthan, India. I\r\nhave published about 8 papers in various indexed journals.

Insulin resistance (IR) is generally regarded as a pathological condition in\r\nwhich cells fail to respond to the normal actions of the hormone insulin.\r\nHypothyroidism is a clinical syndrome which is caused due to deficiency of\r\nthyroid hormones leading to generalized slowing of metabolic processes. Overt\r\nhypothyroidism is an established risk factor for insulin resistance. Evaluation of\r\ninsulin resistance is important for understanding the disease status and selection\r\nof pharmacological treatment. The study was conducted in Govt. Medical\r\nCollege and attached group of Hospitals, Kota, Rajasthan , India. Duration of\r\nstudy is from January 2016 to June 2016. Serum levels of FBS (by GOD-POD\r\nmethod), TSH and FInsulin (by chemiluminescence method) were measured.\r\nAmong the total 52 subjects, 28 were diagnosed cases of hypothyroidism and\r\n24 were the controls. The Mean  SD of Serum TSH in hypothyroid cases was\r\n16.07  2.88 and in controls was 1.77  0.71.The Mean  SD of Fasting Insulin\r\nin hypothyroid cases was 12.26 2.4 and in controls was 3.4 0.65.The Mean \r\nSD of Fasting blood sugar in hypothyroid cases was 108 14.45 and in controls\r\nwas 84 8.9. HOMA-IR was calculated. The Mean  SD of HOMA-IR in\r\nhypothyroid cases was 2.27  0.45 and in controls was 0.70  0.12. Students’\r\nUnpaired t-test was applied between Cases and Controls and P-value was found\r\nto be 0.0001, which is extremely significant. By this study we concluded that IR\r\nis increased in hypothyroidism thus it may lead to development of Diabetes\r\nMellitus.

Mohammed Abubakar is working as Professor of Medicine in Deccan College of Medical Sciences & Running own Diabetes Clinic-Research centre in Hyderabad since 2000 year onwards. He has completed MBBS from AL-AMEEN Medical College in 1990 and M.D General Medicine from Mahadevappa Rampur Medical College in 1995. published articles and presented posters in reputed Journals and Medical conferences.

The sunshine vitamin (Vitamin D) plays a major role in both skeletal and extra skeletal diseases. Deficiency of Sunshine vitamin is likely play a vital role in the high prevalence of Rickets, Osteoporosis, Cardiovascular diseases, Diabetes, Cancer & infections such as Tuberculosis in Indian subcontinents. The main aim of this abstract review is the status of sunshine vitamin nutrition and also the underlying causes of this epidemic. Vitamin D deficiency is pandemic, still it is the most under diagnosed and under treated nutritional deficiency in the world. Generally vitamin D is photosynthesized in the skin on exposure to UVB rays. Despite of plentiful sunshine in tropical countries like India, vitamin D deficiency become prevalent. The socio economic & distinct life style patterns in Indian subcontinent leading to vitamin deficiency like, clothing’s- that fully cover the body limits the exposure to sunlight, vegetarians- certainly limits vitamin D rich dietary options and poor nutrition. Vitamin D supplements are widely available but most of the Indian population is not aware of that, they need additional Vitamin D. Fortification of staple foods with sunshine vitamin may prove to be more viable solution towards attaining sufficiency of vitamin D in India. Different kind of vitamin D formulations are available to treat consequences which occur with vitamin D deficiency, like Vitamin D3 chewable tablets, Mouth dissolving tablets, Vitamin D3 powder sachets, Injection form etc. But as it is Fat soluble category vitamin, so its solubility and oral absorption is a rate limiting step and leads to under medication most of the times. Recent development in pharmaceutical research, made easy and highly soluble, absorbable & more bioavailable Vitamin D3 formulations by using Micelles solubilization techniques using different surfactants and stabilizers.